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American Paleontologist and Eugenicist
Who: Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857–1935) What: Promoted scientific racism through his writings on eugenics and human evolution. When: 1896...
Swiss-American Biologist and Geologist
Who: Louis Agassiz (1807–1873) What: Promoted polygenism, the belief in separate origins for different races. When: 1850 Details: Louis...
French Physician, Anatomist, and Anthropologist
Who: Paul Broca (1824–1880) What: Conducted research on brain size and its relation to intelligence, contributing to scientific racism....
J. Marion Sims' Gynecological Experiments
What: J. Marion Sims conducted surgical experiments on enslaved Black women without anesthesia. When: 1840s Where: Alabama, USA. Details:...
The Mississippi Appendectomy
What: Forced sterilization of Black women in the United States under the guise of medical treatment. When: 1920s-1980s Where: Southern...
The Cincinnati Radiation Experiments
What: Radiation experiments conducted on cancer patients, primarily poor Black individuals. When: 1960-1971 Where: Cincinnati, Ohio, USA....
The Willowbrook Hepatitis Experiments
What: Saul Krugman, MD, deliberately infected institutionalized children with hepatitis. When: 1956-1970 Where: Willowbrook State School,...
The Holmesburg Prison Experiments
What: Dermatologist Dr. Albert Kligman conducted experiments on mostly Black inmates at Holmesburg Prison. When: 1951-1974 Where:...
Dr. Thomas Hamilton's Experiments on John Brown
What: Dr. Thomas Hamilton conducted painful experiments on an enslaved man named John Brown. When: Late 1700s Where: Georgia, USA....
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