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Year: 1844
Who: Solomon Brown
Where: Washington, District of Columbia
What: Solomon G. Brown made history as the first African American employee at the Smithsonian Institution, where he worked for fifty-four years. From 1852 to 1906, Brown served under three Smithsonian Secretaries: Joseph Henry, Spencer Fullerton Baird, and Samuel P. Langley. Known for his wide-ranging contributions, he performed a variety of duties, from building exhibit cases to educating himself in natural history, making him an influential figure in the institution's early years.
Born a free man in Washington, D.C., Brown faced many challenges growing up, especially after the death of his father in 1833, which hindered his formal education. However, his early work with Lambert Tree, assistant postmaster, led to a significant connection with Joseph Henry, the Smithsonian's first Secretary. Brown’s role in developing the first magnetic telegraph, which connected Washington and Baltimore, marked the beginning of his involvement with the Institution.
In 1852, Brown was hired by the Smithsonian as a general laborer. His duties quickly expanded as he became a trusted supervisor, handling various tasks like organizing exhibits, clerical work, and even managing the household staff for Baird. He and Baird developed a close personal friendship, evidenced in their extensive correspondence. Brown's letters also provide a unique perspective on the Civil War, offering insights into the challenges faced by the Smithsonian during that tumultuous time.
Despite lacking formal schooling, Brown was widely respected for his self-education and accomplishments. He became a naturalist, illustrator, poet, and lecturer, delivering talks on topics like insect behavior and social issues of the day. He was also deeply involved in his local Anacostia community, where he advocated for African American progress and better education.
Brown retired in 1906 and passed away shortly after. Today, his legacy is honored, particularly with trees planted around the National Museum of Natural History in his memory.
Sources:
Websites:
(2011, April 20). Solomon Brown: First African American employee at the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Archives. https://siarchives.si.edu/history/featured-topics/stories/solomon-brown-first-african-american-employee-smithsonian-institution
Bradyh. (2016, August 19). Solomon Brown. Smithsonian Institution Archives. https://siarchives.si.edu/history/featured-topics/African-Americans/solomon-brown
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